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Lecture: Centuries of Gold. Relations between the Netherlands and Constantinople in the Early Middle Ages, by Annemarieke Willemsen (Curator of the Medieval Section of the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden), January 24, 2011, 18:00 
Abstract
In
the Netherlands, the end of Roman times was gradually transformed into
the beginning of the Middle Ages. The centuries between c.400 and
c.1000 AD have long been viewed as Dark Ages, full of migrations, war
and uncertainty, only temporally 'enlightened' in the times of
Charlemagne. This negative view has obscured the richness of this
period, with the largest gold hoards and the healthiest people of
pre-modern history. It has also obscured the global connections that
shaped these times. The c.630 AD hoard of Wieuwerd in the northern
Netherlands is full of Byzantine coins, Byzantine bronze tableware was
found in Dutch high-status graves of the Merovingian period, and
Fatimidic jewellery reached the town of Maastricht in the 10th century.
Around 800 AD, the wealthy Carolingian town of Dorestad in the
Netherlands was part of a world-wide network in which goods and people
moved from Bagdad to Rome and from Scandinavia to Constantinople. The
Netherlands were small then, as they are now, but they were extrovert
and internationally orientated. Early-medieval Europe had the city of
Constantinople as its largest jewel, but its northern fringe definitely
had a golden lining.
Özet
Hollandada
Roma döneminin sonu Orta Çağın başlangıcına dönüşmüştür. Yaklaşım MS
400 ve 1000 arasındaki yüzyıllar, uzun bir zaman göçler, savaş ve
belirsizliklerle dolu, sadece geçici olarak Şarlman zamanında
aydınlanan Karanlık Çağ olarak görülmüştür. Bu olumsuz bakış açısı,
pre-modern tarihin en büyük defineleri ve en sağlıklı insanlarına sahip
bu dönemin zenginliğini gölgelemiştir. Söz konusu bakış açısının
gölgelediği diğer bir konu da bu zamanları şekillendiren küresel
ilişkilerdir. Yaklaşık MS 630a tarihlenen ve kuzey Hollandada bulunan
Wieuwerd gömüsü Bizans sikkeleri ile doludur, Merovenj dönemi Hollanda
yüksek statü mezarlarında bronz Bizans sofra takımları bulunmuştur ve
10. yüzyılda Fatımi takıları Maastricht şehrine ulaşmıştır. Yaklaşık MS
800de, Hollandanın zengin Karolenj kenti Dorestad malların ve
insanların Bağdattan Romaya ve İskandinavyadan Konstantinopolise
hareket ettiği dünya çapındaki bir ağın parçası idi. Hollanda o dönemde
günümüzde de olduğu gibi küçük olmasına rağmen dışa dönük ve uluslar
arası odaklı bir yapıya sahipti. Erken Ortaçağ Avrupasının en büyük
cevheri Konstantinopolis olmakla beraber, kuzey ucu da şüphesiz ki
dikkate değerdir.
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